Thank you very much. Thank you. So this next session, as the slide says, is on energy, uh, we've it's such a broad topic, Um, that we've we've got a really great broad range of speakers to talk about. Different aspects. Um, with regards to energy and climate change. Uh, and I'm absolutely delighted to welcome to the podium Carly MacLachlan from the Tyndall Centre, who will kick off this next session. So welcome, Carly. Yeah. Uh huh. Hi. Good afternoon, everybody. Um, so I'm gonna just make a few remarks about the kind of scale of the challenge before we get into some more detailed stuff around energy transitions. Um, and I suppose for me, the key thing is that climate action is both urgent and needs to be pervasive. And I'm gonna try to talk through four key points fairly briefly, but I thought it was worth telling you a little bit about the Tyndall Centre where I work. So you get a sense really of where I'm coming from. So we're four partners across four universities, Manchester being one of them, University of East Anglia, Cardiff and Newcastle. And whereas you might traditionally think of researchers and universities sort of doing their own thing on their own. That's not really our vibe. We're very much about working with stakeholders and collaborating to try and drive action. When we started in the year 2000, that was very unusual. Fortunately, it's much more common now for universities to be working much more actively, particularly around climate action and decarbonization of energy. Uh, policy relevance is really central for us and also into discipline charity, which means bringing people together with from really different backgrounds, different ways of thinking about problems. Because these these problems are on climate change are so complex that one sort of disciplines training is not enough to be able to really get a kind of robust solution in place. Um, and to give you a flavour of the research things we work on, we've got four big themes that organise our work. The first is about accelerating social transition. So that's really about saying people are absolutely central to this transformation in the various roles that we play, You know, do not allow yourself to be restricted to just being a consumer, and the only way you can be part of this transition is through the purchase choices you make. We've got loads of other roles as voters, as citizens, as, uh, colleagues, as friends and family members to to help support this transition. Um, the next one is overcoming poverty with climate action. So stuff to decarbonise can make inequality worse. And you have to make sure that as an absolute minimum, it doesn't do that. But ideally, you design policy in a clever way. That means that actually, you do both things at once, reaching zero emissions. That's about looking at the more kind of sector specific or technology specific ways of getting to zero emissions. And the last one building up resilience is about kind of adaptation and that resilience side of the impacts we already know that we're having to be resilient to and that we will have to be in the future. So the four key points I want to get across to you today that this is a now problem in lots of different ways. It's not a future problem that we have to embed climate action and everything that we do that the current crisis that we face should be a reason to accept accelerate action not to slow it and that we need to think about communicating visions of what it looks like to be part of this transformed, society transformed place. So when I say this is a now problem, what I mean by that is I'll digress slightly for a moment here that at the close of the cop conference in Glasgow there was a very impassioned speech by a member of the European Parliament about how this crises was going to affect his grandchild and people seem quite moved by this. And obviously it was very personally emotional for him. But for me, I find it kind of frustrating because those impacts are already being felt by people all over the world. And it doesn't only become a problem once those people are related to us. And so the kind of framing of the next generation I find a bit problematic. And so that's led us often to think about what are the climate impacts right here in my community. But actually these impacts are already happening, So everything that we do from this point forward is to make them the least worst version of what they're gonna be. So there's not a date at the point in the future where if we do it all by then, we'll be fine. We're already not fine, and it's just a case of how not fine. We let it become so you know, the IPCC, have recently released one of their big reports around impacts. This is too small for my dreadful eyesight for me to read it. But, you know, there you've got a few quotes, particularly that last one there. In all regions, extreme heat events have resulted in human mortality and morbidity. So you know, it's not very jolly as a framing, but it's important, and it's important as we see these increases in temperature. They're about to get over the next week where these kind of accelerated death, you know, very kind of technical and detached term. That actually really means something dreadful. Um, that we that we are very likely to see in the next week, um, the other side of it, therefore, is that the now problem is that we have to get emissions down now. So I suppose my call to everyone and lots of people in this room and watching online will already know. But it's not about single point targets in time. It's about the total amount of carbon that we emit to getting to that point. So this is a chart from Greater Manchester, Great Charlie is taking a picture of it super, look forward to seeing that on Twitter. Um, and this is basically showing that you know, the carbon budget there, which is the work that our team and Tyndall did to set a fair goal for our contribution towards the paradox. Paris Climate Change Agreement, the global agreement on limiting climate change. That's the blue line there, the area under the curve is our carbon budget and in Greater Manchester we are well above that. And the the key point is that it's not, if you think about it, those sort of net zero day out there towards the end of that chart, you can't just carry on as you are to that point, and I met the same amount of carbon on the way. We're using the budget up far too quickly, so this is a now problem in in both terms of the impact that we're seeing, but also that we need to get emissions down now not in five years, not in 10 years and certainly not in 20 years. It needs to be about things that deliver in the in the very short term with a plan for the longer term reductions to. Okay, so embedding resilience in everything that we do. Um, these budgets that we now have left for carbon are so small that you can have some part of what you're doing not contribute towards delivering them. Can't just make it all Nick's responsibility to sort it out whilst other bits of the council are pulling in opposite direction. That's why it's great to see the kind of you know, the cross cutting approach that the Stockport are taking here, um, every decision must help deliver. And that means thinking so, thinking of a particular example. You know, you need new developments. You do need to be net zero. They need to have excellent active travel networks, they need to have a positive biodiversity impact. And we are still seeing developments come through that aren't aren't like that yet. We know that this is the problem, and we will have to retrofit those developments to get them down to zero carbon things like working with your suppliers and impacting your scope three emissions. Whatever part of, uh, if you work for Stockport Council, whatever part of Stockport Council work for whatever you do in your life, whenever you have some influence try to embed climate action and everything that we do. I've talked a lot already about emissions reduction, needing to be really near term rather than net zero. And the other thing I just quickly mention is that mashing together of offsetting or negative emissions and emissions reduction, which has got us into this world when we talk about net zero all the time, as if we've been talking about that for a long time, which we have not. That is a really, really recent development. Until very recently, we were talking about emissions reduction 80% by 2050. This mashing together of net zero means that people now want to be net zero like today or a week on Tuesday. But this is actually about transformation of the systems that support our lives, and that's not gonna happen by week on Tuesday. So I think we have to be really careful about thinking that companies or authorities are doing really well to have a big high level net zero target. The question you wanna ask them is, what is your emissions reduction target? and how are you getting on with delivering it? Um okay, And in order to do that, the challenge ways of working, um, and think about new business models, new value propositions and a mindset, this is from real personal experience of identifying solutions alongside the challenges. So I'm now the academic leads for carbon for the University of Manchester and for some college, you know, there's still a lot of we can't, you know, we just can't do that. And actually, the person that thinks you can't do it because they know how all the intricacies and all the reasons that wouldn't work. To me, they are the key to unlocking how you could do it if you can get them in the right mindset to think about what we need to be different. Because that knowledge of why it wouldn't work is super important, and we need to make sure those people feel they can be part of changing things. Okay, so the crisis should accelerate, not slow action. There's a real risk that moment that I'm sure you've seen that the net zero was presented as being an opponent of addressing the crisis and the cost of living. Um, and we've seen that from the Conservative Party leader candidates. But if you think about all the things we should have been doing to tackle climate change that we knew we should have been doing and we just haven't been doing for the last 10, 20 years, they would all have put us in a better position than we are now. And that will continue to be the case. And the idea that we can keep being surprised by that is a bit strange to me. So deep retrofitting, increased renewables, excellent affordable public transport systems. They have all put us in a better, more resilient position to the changes in gas prices, for example, that we're seeing at the moment, and the payback period and the benefit to these interventions are more attractive because of the volatility in energy prices. So we should take this as an opportunity to really push it forward. Um, and this long quote, because I've had my one minute warning, I won't read out, but basically saying we should get on with net zero And this was an open letter issued to the Conservative Party Leadership candidates saying don't abandon net zero. We want it. You know which hardline environmentalists said this? Well, that was Coca Cola, Amazon, Unilever, Scottish Power and thousands of other businesses. So I think they're really off the mark on where public perception and business interest is in terms of delivering net zero. Um, so this is my final slide. You'll be glad to hear um, and I suppose this is really about thinking about how do we actually do it? Then you know, you can put up all this stuff about, we need to do more. For me, I feel like we've got to talk to people about how they fit within these visions of the future. What does their life look like? There's a tendency to say everything needs to be radically different. That can be a little bit frightening for people because they're not sure what that means. And so I think creating those positive visions that people can see themselves living good lives within is super important, looking across the co benefits of climate action. So we take action to cut carbon that has benefits for health, for jobs, for mobility, for green spaces. And my final point, there is really about making sure that where we take action, we do whether that's in your own organisation or as a council, but also saying, where do we hit up against the edges where we can't do that on our own? And we collaborate there with other local authorities with telling national government the kinds of changes we want and we need in the difference that it will make? Um, so yeah, I'll leave it there. Thanks very much for having me.